Mortgage & Home Affordability Planning

How Much House Can I Afford?

How much house can I afford? This calculator estimates a home-price planning ceiling using your income, recurring debts, down payment, mortgage rate, property taxes, insurance, HOA dues, PMI, and the spending limits you choose.

Mortgage rate: the prefilled 7.28% is a historical example from October 1, 2026, not a current rate or a loan offer. Replace it with your expected quote. A lender's approval limit may differ from a comfortable spending limit.
Income and monthly debt Mortgage and total housing costs Cash, closing costs and reserves

Build an affordability range from your real numbers

The calculator solves for the highest price that fits the lowest of your housing-ratio target, total-debt-ratio target, optional personal comfort payment, and optional cash-to-close constraint.

Your income, debt and loan assumptions

Before you start: use gross household income before taxes. Monthly debt means required recurring debt payments, not groceries, utilities, or normal living expenses.
Income before taxes and payroll deductions.
Examples: auto loans, student loans, required credit-card payments, and other recurring debt obligations.
Maximum cash you plan to apply directly to the price, excluding estimated closing costs and reserves. If the solved home price is lower, the modeled down payment cannot exceed the price.
Fixed annual rate assumption. Freddie Mac PMMS was 7.28% for a 30-year fixed mortgage on October 1, 2026.
Fully amortizing fixed-rate term.
If you have a lower comfort limit than the DTI targets, enter it here. Leave 0 to ignore.
Advanced housing costs and planning limits
Monthly housing costs
Use a local estimate. Property taxes vary significantly by location and exemptions.
Annual premium assumption. Obtain a quote for a specific property.
Monthly association dues, if applicable.
Applied only when modeled loan-to-value exceeds 80%. Actual mortgage insurance varies by loan, credit, and program.
Planning ratios
Editable planning target. Bankrate commonly illustrates 28%; Freddie Mac discusses roughly 30%. This is not an underwriting rule.
Includes modeled housing cost plus monthly recurring debts. Different lenders and loan programs use different limits.
Cash planning
Planning assumption only. Actual closing costs vary by transaction and loan.
If entered, the result also requires down payment plus estimated closing costs plus your reserve target to fit this amount.
Emergency or liquidity reserve you do not want to spend at closing.
Estimated home-price planning ceiling
$0
Affordability is not mortgage approval. Lenders also evaluate credit, verified income, assets, reserves, loan program rules, property details, and other underwriting factors. A personally comfortable budget can be lower than a lender maximum.
Show the Work

How This Calculator Works

1

Start with income and debt

Enter gross household income and required monthly debt payments.

2

Add the mortgage

Enter down payment, rate, and term so principal and interest can be solved accurately.

3

Include the full housing cost

Taxes, insurance, HOA dues, and PMI can materially change affordability.

4

Read the limiting factor

The result identifies whether the housing ratio, total-debt ratio, personal budget, or cash constraint is controlling.

Why Debt-to-Income Ratio Matters

The CFPB defines debt-to-income ratio as monthly debt payments divided by gross monthly income. Different lenders and loan products use different limits. This tool therefore makes its planning targets editable rather than presenting 28% or 36% as universal approval thresholds.

What Is Included in the Monthly Housing Cost?

The modeled housing cost includes mortgage principal and interest, property tax, homeowners insurance, HOA or condo dues, and private mortgage insurance when the modeled loan-to-value ratio is above 80% and a nonzero PMI assumption is entered.

Frequently Asked Questions

Does this tell me what a lender will approve?

No. It is a planning estimate. Lender underwriting can use different DTI limits and also considers credit, documentation, assets, reserves, property eligibility, and loan program requirements.

Why does the calculator use gross income?

DTI is generally expressed using gross monthly income before taxes and payroll deductions.

What debts should I include?

Use required recurring monthly debt payments such as auto loans, student loans, minimum credit-card obligations, and other debts a lender is likely to count. Do not add normal groceries or utilities to the DTI field.

Why are taxes and insurance included?

They are part of the monthly housing expense and reduce how much principal and interest can fit inside the same monthly budget.

When does PMI appear?

This model applies the entered PMI rate when loan-to-value exceeds 80%. Actual mortgage-insurance rules and costs vary by loan type and borrower.

What if my personal budget is lower than 28%?

Enter your own monthly housing budget. The calculator will use the lower limit, which keeps the result aligned with your comfort level rather than only a lender-style ratio.

Are closing costs included?

They are shown in cash-to-close planning and can constrain the result when you enter available homebuying cash. They are not added to the mortgage balance.

Should I use the 7.28% default rate?

Only as a starting point. It reflects Freddie Mac's U.S. weekly 30-year average as of October 1, 2026, not a personal quote. Replace it with your expected rate.

Related Home Buying and Mortgage Calculators

Sources

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Questions About Your Home Purchase Budget?

Review how a home purchase may fit into your retirement, cash reserves, and long-term financial plan. Request more information online or call us directly.

Educational Disclaimer: This calculator is an educational planning estimate, not a mortgage preapproval, rate quote, Loan Estimate, underwriting decision, or commitment to lend.